Movie Review The Single Blockbuster Hits - 1936 Words

Movies and the theater have been a long past time of people, but as technology and demand skyrockets, presentation of movies must change. The single blockbuster hits are in the past, as any substantially popular movie receives at least one sequel. Leading us to another problem, how to create and produce a continuous blockbuster series. At the forefront of this necessary revolution is Marvel Studios and their Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Over the past decade the Marvel Cinematic Universe has revolutionised the way movie series and franchises develop and connect their plots to be successful.The shift in movie series productions is found in the way movies have been moving toward a less contained model to more free flowing interconnected†¦show more content†¦Pictured below is what became of the initial seven year plan to culminate to an Avengers movie with a superhero team up like never seen before in live action movies. Phase 1 consists of the development toward the origina l hope of the Avengers, using the origin-like story about each of the four main superheroes and a few short clips to do so. After Avengers was a blockbuster, Agents of SHIELD and Agent Carter debuted expanding the past supporting characters’ stories. Phase 2 expanded the universe further, introducing Guardians of the Galaxy in preparation for the galactic war planned for phase 4 (not pictured). Also in phase 2 were the sequels, in the case of Ironman the third installment, that would set the environment of the next Avengers movie Age of Ultron and develop the characters further. Age of Ultron amplifies the new theme of consequences that is developed throughout phase 2. Nevertheless, creating an apparent solution to the problems created just like any movie, this allows for the epic buildup of tension that explodes in Captain America Civil War after those consequences seem to be ignored. Phase 3 also contains the continuing setup of the galactic battle with Guardians of the Gal axy 2, and introduces the first of the second wave of superhero origins with Ant-Man. It is fair enough to say that this interconnection of movie plots is what the new standard for a production model is though there is an important second part to the model, which is theShow MoreRelatedNetflix : A Great Influence On The Home Entertainment Environment1232 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Dumas Senior Seminar in Informatics Final Paper Draft 4/27/15 THESIS Netflix is revolutionary company operating in an incredibly dynamic industry populated by both longstanding and new competitors. In one hand, Netflix has partnered with movie and television studios to provide access to feature-length movies and episodic TV shows in the same manner that existed when the medium was designed- DVD rental. In the other hand, Netflix is operating with growing role of computer-enabled devicesRead MoreAmerican Journalist, Editor For News Of The New York Times962 Words   |  4 Pagesportrayed in movies (content). Chira states that from the 1930’s to the 1950’s unwed motherhood was a disgrace, and films depicted it as such. This stigma remains today, even when unwed motherhood is a conscious decision, society views it as a bad one. Movie plots have not shifted from a mother being unmarried as the problem to their, often, immaturity, which is the actual problem. Productions show unwed mothers are dependent on a man to come along and save them in the end, in order for them to have aRead MoreAnalysis Of The Shawshank Redemption By Frank Darabont1116 Words   |  5 Pagesseveral close friends of mine, I would have never even seen blockbuster hits such as Harry Potter, The Lord of the Rings, or Back to the Future. 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By analyzing these points of the movie we can see why Fight Club belongs to the certain genre it is placed in. The movie starts off where one the characters is held at gun point. Of course we all wonderRead MoreEmpire Popcorn s Annual Movie Review1602 Words   |  7 PagesEmpire Popcorn’s Monthly Movie Review Popcorn is without a doubt the most popular snack of choice when it comes to watching a movie so who better to review the movies you’ll be watching than the makers of your favourite popcorn? Whether you plan on chowing down on freshly popped popcorn from your own kitchen on a cool October evening or simply want the ease of gourmet flavoured popcorn delivered straight to your door for your family fun night in front of the goggle-box, the choice is yours. HereRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Blockbuster7337 Words   |  30 PagesThe rise and fall of Blockbuster. How the definition of the industry can change your destiny INDEX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 2 THE COMPANY 2 TRENDS AND ISSUE 4 SITUATION OF THE MARKET 4 TECHNOLOGY 5 AMERICAN LIFESTYLE 6 MARKETING MIX 7 PRODUCT. 8 PRICE 9 PLACE. 10 PROMOTION 12 RECOMMANDATION AND CONCLUSION 13 REFERENCES 16 APPENDICES 20 Appendix I: Porter’s 5 forces 20 Appendix II: PESTLE analysis 24 Appendix III: Blockbuster SWOT analysis 28 EXECUTIVERead MoreRenting and Netflix8217 Words   |  33 Pagesresolve, Hastings returned to his desk to review his forthcoming announcement one more time. Company Background Netflix, an online subscription-based DVD rental service, was first conceived by Hastings after he discovered an overdue rental copy of Apollo 13in his closet. After paying the $40 late fee, Hastings, a successful entrepreneur who had already founded and sold a software business, began to consider alternative ways to provide a home movie service that would better satisfy customersRead MoreOptical Disc and Hd Dvd2203 Words   |  9 Pagestransformational technology. I begin with a discussion of disruptive technology. Afterwards, I will speak on the success of Netflix; explain the disruptive and shifting technology created once it sustained itself in the market. I then provide a review of transformational technology and explain the transformational change to HD-DVD and the failure to capture and sustain a place in the market. I conclude by comparing and contrasting a successful Netflix and failed HD-DVD format, looking at techniques

Essay on Urban Education - 871 Words

There have been a number of issues in the urban schools like poor quality of education and segregation of schools by races. The great cause of these issues has been increase in immigrants and shifting patterns from rural areas to the urban areas. This has resulted in high concentration of the poor and minority students in the urban schools. These issues have necessitated the formation and application of the No Child Left Behind policy with a bet to better education system and standard in America. The African-American and Hispanic students form the largest population in these schools. White students on the other hand, mostly go the middle class suburban schools. Some of the tough problems in these urban schools include best teachers†¦show more content†¦With overcrowding of urban schools by the immigrants, there rose a challenge of integrating the immigrant students with the American students. There have been some critics of the opinion that the Act gave too much power over e ducation matters to the federal government. However, strong federal role for students in low income urban schools is much needed. When the Congress re-authorizes the Act, schools serving high proportions of the minority and low income students will be supported. This will improve the quality of education in the schools. The number Students dropping out of school has been on the increase with some of the reasons given by the students being getting bored, the need to have a job and work, and to care for their families. From the educationist’s point of view, there are some warning signs such as missing school, skipping some classes, getting detained in the same grade for a while and too many transfers from one school to another. There is therefore need for schools to take some preventive actions. The no Child Left Behind Act has had some positive effects. It had the effect of bringing together the Republicans and Democrats to increase opportunities for improving the quality of education for the American students from all backgrounds while at the same time maintaining local control. According Bush (2009), some of the achievements of the Act include giving enough information to parents about the schools andShow MoreRelatedEconomics and Urban Education678 Words   |  3 Pages Education is a quality in which all learning should be given under unconditional pretenses. The opportunity to be privileged with higher learning and creative diversities places an extraordinary value in which all children should achieve. However, when economic and ethnic demographics supersedes integrity, equality, fairness, and entailing security for all students. The modern issues of the urban education confronts our society with alarming facts that students are failing not only under theRead MoreAn Interview On Urban Education992 Words   |  4 Pages Summary of the interview In my Examining Urban Education class, our assignment was to interview an urban teacher given by my teacher Mrs.Dunn. My teacher for this interview is Dr. Dunac who is an urban science teacher. All of our questions were linked to the experience of being a teacher at an urban school and all of the challenges faced. One of the questions we asked her was, â€Å"What advice would you give to future science teachers?†. Another questionRead MoreUrban vs. Rural Education1412 Words   |  6 PagesAfter reading Hallway Hangers, a sense of the complex relationship between poverty and education is gained: it a dualistic one. In some views, education is a means out of poverty, yet those who grow up poor often have different opportunities, hopes, and experiences in their school years. During my time thus far at Colgate, I have participated and watched many sporting events on campus, and found that local families attend and cheer with as much enthusiasm as the students. Similarly, on NationalRead MoreThe Social Foundations Of Urban Education Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesconcentration which is Urban Education: 1. Educational Policy Studies 2. Foundations in Urban Education 3. School-Community Partnerships 4. Teaching in Urban Schools First, according to my research, Educational policy studies are comprised of rules, regulations and laws that govern the education systems. This policy can directly affect all ages from childhood education through two and four year colleges and universities. Furthermore, it is a scholarly analysis of the education policy. It measures theRead More Urban and Suburban Secondary Education Essay3243 Words   |  13 PagesUrban and Suburban Secondary Education There is a big disparity between urban and suburban secondary education in public schools. Many critics of this inequality are arguing that urban schools are not receiving the same attention as schools that are in suburban areas or wealthier parts of country. Urban schools are facing a large crisis on there hands, these schools are not meeting the required criteria in educating and graduating their students. So, why is there a huge inequality between urbanRead MoreThe One Best System A History Of American Urban Education943 Words   |  4 PagesIn ‘The One Best System A History of American Urban Education,’ David B. Tyack discusses how education has changed from the 1800 s to the 1900 s. He talks about the history of urban public education, as well as the progression of the one best system over the years. In part I of the text, Tyack discusses the increase the number of government in the rural education system and the issues that the education system faced such as lack of space in classrooms because of overpopulation, poor facilitiesRead MoreHelping Challenges of Urban India Woman with Higher Education1231 Words   |  5 PagesResearch question/objectives When I first proposed this study I wanted to know why are there a greater number of girls dropping out of a higher education than boys do. I realised that this was not a path breaking question but since I did not want to dwell into a path-breaking aspect in my first internship in this sphere I thought I would be a good idea to understand the obvious and then go ahead with newer ideas. I wanted to use this internship as a platform for my future projects that will be willRead MoreUrban Education : The Life Of The Peasants From Harper And Brother s Life On A Mediaeval Barony2135 Words   |  9 Pages Urban Education Reading â€Å"Chapter XVI: The life of the peasants† from Harper and Brother’s Life on a Mediaeval Barony lead me to contemplate the work life and attitude toward the education of the less glamorous lifestyle that medieval peasants lived, â€Å"Their help is so important that many peasants look on large families as assets of so much unpaid labor, rather than as liabilities†¦ Education is almost unknown† (Davis). I contemplated what this attitude towards education could mean in modernRead MoreDoes Higher Education Grant a Successful Career to Urban Women of India?1140 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough this study. Apart from this basic introduction to this field, I have come to learn the major issue in this sphere. I have come to realise that education is one of the key factors that can change people’s lives, clichà ©d as it sounds. This idea is echoed through the minds of the young women I have met. They truly believe that education is one of the greatest techniques that will enable them to be successful in life. When I was going through the answers in the questionnaire this believe ofRead MoreEnvironmental Education And The Urban Challenges1905 Words   |  8 PagesThe topic I propose to develop my research in is environmental education and the urban challenges it faces. The urgency of the current state of the environmental agenda makes it necessary to promote environmental awareness in all generations as indispensable for a sustainable future. Despite this, environmental education is still absent in most school programs and struggles to compete with â€Å"formal education† w hen in fact they should be one and the same. Efforts to change this have been recorded and

Tft2 Task 4 - 1387 Words

TFT2 Task 4 As the chief information security officer for VL Bank, we were notified by several of our commercial customers of unauthorized wire transfers in an amount greater than $290,000. This is very concerning since we take pride in our information security. As soon as we were notified of the fraudulent transactions my security team, along with the network engineers, performed a thorough investigation of how such attack had occurred. Once we were able to view all logs and audit data it came to our attention that the data did not appear to be stolen from our network. All transactions performed were done so with the appropriate credentials. Once we determined that the data breach did not occur on our network we worked with the†¦show more content†¦In this case since the fraudulent transactions were reported immediately the customer will only be responsible for $50. The phishing email itself is also violating a law. This would fall under Title 18 Crimes and Criminal procedu re, part 1, chapter 4,  § 1028: Fraud and related activity in connection with identification documents, authentication features, and information†. While there has been attempts in the past to introduce and pass laws that specifically apply to phishing attempts none of these laws have made it on the books. Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act is a federal law established in 1998 that protects people from identity theft. Prior to this date there were not any specific laws to address this issue. The definition on the Federal Trade Commission’s website reads. â€Å"knowingly transfers or uses, without lawful authority, a means of identification of another person with the intent to commit, or to aid or abet, any unlawful activity that constitutes a violation of Federal law, or that constitutes a felony under any applicable State or local law;† Since this crime extends outside of the state of Georgia and furthermore outside of the country, it is considered a federal crime and we will be working with the FBI to resolve the information. In the past, collecting digital evidence law enforcement was naà ¯ve, they would grab and go. This was later deemed not toShow MoreRelatedTft2 Task 44005 Words   |  17 PagesTFT2 Cyber Law Task 4 Jordan Dombrowski Western Governors University Situation Report It has come to my attention from the security analysts of VL Bank and victims that commercial customers of VL Bank have been involved in identity theft and fraud. Multiple user accounts were created without authorization claiming the identity of our customers. These fake accounts were used to make twenty-nine transfers of $10,000 each, equaling $290,000. The bank transfers were being sent to several U.SRead MoreTft2 Task3 Essay1348 Words   |  6 PagesTFT2 Task 2 Thomas Garner Student ID: 336227 Information Security Modification Recommendations Service Level Agreement Between Finman Account Management, LLC, Datanal Inc., and Minertek, Inc. After careful review of the current Service Level Agreement(SLA) â€Å"A Service Level Agreement for Provvision of Specified IT Services Between Finman Account Management, LLC, Datanal, Inc., and Minertek, Inc.† we have determined that standard Information Technology security measures have not been

Of The Art Of Conversing By Niccolo Machiavelsso Essay

In the essay â€Å"Of the Art of Conversing†, Michel de Montaigne writes We can only improve ourselves in times such as these by walking backward, by discord not by harmony, by being different not by being like. He is assuring the reader that going against the grain is the most beneficial way of living and communicating, and in order to effectively lead people, it is essential for one to be open to change. He asserts that living through chaos is a way to further develop oneself, as outdoor studies majors we often exemplify methods of clashing the norms. The leaders we have studied throughout this semester have often represented the idea of adaptability through leadership set out by Montaigne. Within the essay â€Å"The Prince† by Niccolo†¦show more content†¦The book revolves around the leader of a trans-Atlantic expedition named Ernest Shackleton, who distinguished himself as a hero. Shackleton’s ability to get his men out of the dire situation they were in is owed largely to the qualities he possessed as a leader. Shackleton’s capacity to be decisive but also willing to compromise and adapt had a large contribution to the crew’s survival. When the Endurance became locked in the icy jaws of the sea, the crew was forced to abandon ship and eventually make a perilous journey on lifeboats to South Georgia island. The plan was to make it to the whaling station but due to rough seas the men arrived on the wrong side, Shackleton was equipped to handle this change in plans and made the journey on foot. From Shackletons own words â€Å"The rapidity with which one can completely change one’s ideas. . to a state of barbarism is wond erful.† The first-hand experience I have attained from guiding has taught me plenty about the qualities a competent leader must possess. Great leaders often share the trait of being flexible to better suit the needs of the group as a whole. When I used to guide day trips there were many times where I had to be flexible in order to suit the needs and desires of my clients; a particular time that comes to mind is when I took a group of elderly people out on the Matanuska Glacier. When I met with my group I began to assess their ability levels and planned out there hike accordingly, I

The Clouds and the History of Peloponnesian War Free Essays

Breaking down traditions: The â€Å"Clouds† and the â€Å"History of Peloponnesian War† Undeniably, the ancient Greek society places a heavy emphasis on values and traditions. The two texts of the â€Å"Clouds† by Aristophanes and â€Å"History of the Peloponnesian war† by Thucydides, although contextually divergent, are actually conceptually convergent. Both texts are built around the central theme of the collapse of conventional values. We will write a custom essay sample on The Clouds and the History of Peloponnesian War or any similar topic only for you Order Now While the breakdown of traditional values in the â€Å"History of the Peloponnesian war† is presented in a more metaphorical and symbolical manner, the downfall of conventional values in the â€Å"Clouds† is on a more direct basis. Although both texts essentially convey across the same solemn message that the relinquishment of traditional values leads to dire consequences, Aristophanes also implicitly challenges the authority of old values, and hopes to improve upon these traditions. The â€Å"Clouds† by Aristophanes is a satirical play primarily concerned with the idea of new and old education. A satire is a composition or prose used to lampoon individuals or society. They usually make use of ridicules and irony for the ostensible purpose of exposing and discouraging vice or folly. In the â€Å"Clouds†, viewers are presented with a breakdown of traditionally accepted moral and ethical values, especially those that are related to education. Aristophanes is a staunch defender of old values. Through the comedy, he wishes to show his support for logical reasoning that is well rounded and grounded in practical experience. Simultaneously, Aristophanes also wants to deliver a message to the theater audiences of fifth century that certain philosophers, particularly the sophists, undermine traditional values and thus pose as a threat to Greek society. However, by deliberately satirizing the traditional model of education with the new model throughout the comedy, Aristophanes subtly suggests his belief that if a traditional system were to be left unexamined, it might lose sight of the convictions and values upon which it was founded. This also shows that Aristophanes believes the importance of criticism in the Athenian society, and that with criticism, a society can be improved upon. In comparison to â€Å"The History of the Peloponnesian War,† there are distinctions between the ways in which traditional values are broken down. In the latter, the Mytilenian debate and the Melian dialogues are based on the war between Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. It is more concerned with the ethics of war and punishments rather than education in â€Å"The Clouds†. Warring sparks are ignited in the light of self-interest, as the Spartans fear the growth of the Athenian power. Many moral judgments, as dire consequences of the wars, are debated upon. There are increasing political and ethical confusions in Athens as a result of the revolt of the Mytilenians and the neutral position take up by the Melians. In the 2nd Mytilenian debate, the Athenians argue over the unprecedented brutality of their actions and some become hesitant about the hurried decision to kill and enslave the citizens of Mytileans. Democracy is an important concept for the Greeks. In Cleon’s speech, however, he begins by questioning the worth of democracy and this instigates a breakdown in the traditional values. â€Å"Personally I have had occasions often enough already to observe that a democracy is incapable of governing others, and I am all the more convinced of this when I see how you are now changing your minds about the Mytilenians. (Thuy 3. 37) Cleon believes that it is part of human nature to revere the strong and take advantage of the weak, and hence he pushes for the punishment of the Mytilenians. In his speech, Cleon also employs the art of rhetoric. He stresses that the Mytilenian are more than guilty and consequently deserve the punishment since they are â€Å"calculated aggressors† (Thu y 36. 13). Hence, Cleon suggests that the Mytilenians are not worthy of the Athenian’s sympathy votes. Such a way of argument is a sure fire case of guilt or innocence. Making use of rhetoric devices and compromising the ideals of democracy breach the ideals of traditions in the Greek society. Unlike that in the â€Å"Clouds†, Thucydides does not show any sign of flaws of the traditional values. Although based on different circumstances, the breakdown of traditional values in â€Å"The History of the Peloponnesian war† parallels to that in the â€Å"Clouds†. The â€Å"Clouds† also utilizes extensive use of rhetoric devices. Strepsiades decides to submit to the sophist’s way of education, so that he would be able to defend himself against his creditors. The first sign of erosion of traditional value is exposed when Strepsiades decides to enroll himself in the Thinkery under the guidance of Socrates. The ability to manipulate language and turn everything into relativism erodes the principles of traditional Athenian beliefs. Indisputably, the new philosophy wins. Sophistry is the type of linguistic device that, in the face of the weakness of traditional beliefs, undermines the value of anything. Strepsiades opines, â€Å"Holy Earth, what a voice! How divine, how awesome, how fantastic! † (363) In which Socrates responds, â€Å"Yes, you know, these are the only real divinities, all the rest is bunkum. (365) In the new system of beliefs as advocated by the sophists, there is a rejection of the traditional religion and a belief in the new â€Å"gods†. The comical way through which ideas are portrayed may be witty, but the core issue lies at the heart of the play’s moral indignation at what is happening in Athens. Th ere are possibilities for that life is being systematically corrupted by the seductive power of words, of language itself. Language is now a tool of human beings, modified to accommodate human beings’ desires, rather than directing those desires. The underlying basis here in the â€Å"Clouds† is a direct correspondence to the ideas as presented in the Mytilenian debate, that traditionally held values are now being gradually eroded in the light of self interest. As we progress on to the rest of the texts, the tension in breaking traditional Greek values further intensifies. This is evident in the â€Å"History of the Peloponnesian War† as we advance to the Melian dialogue. The true colors of human nature are exposed under desperate conditions. The Athenians have now completed the transition from democracy and are fully embracing the epitomes of imperialism. The Athenians, in a frank and matter-of-fact manner, offer the Melians an ultimatum: to surrender and pay tribute to Athens, or be destroyed. The Melian dialogue also opens up morality issues based on destruction of the Melos. Traditional democratic ideas are fragmented as imperialistic ideas are introduced. â€Å"Our opinion of the gods and our knowledge of men lead us to conclude that it is a general and necessary law of nature to rule whatever one can. † (Thuy 5. 105). Abuses of traditional values are reflected throughout the dialogue as both parties act in the light of their own self-interests. The Athenians make extensive use of rhetorical speeches in an attempt to exert their points and subjugate the Melians. I quote the Athenians, â€Å"You, by giving in, would save yourselves from disaster; we, by not destroying you, would be able to profit from you† (Thuy 5. 93). The use of rhetoric embodies the concept of ethical and moral relativism. It follows the core belief of the sophists that nothing is absolute and men are the measure of everything. The breakdown of traditional values is also intensified and heightened in the â€Å"Clouds†, as presented in the fiery debate between the Right and the Wrong Arguments. The debate is a direct, head on clash of traditional values versus the new ideas. Right’s arguments are centered around traditional values such as respect, justice and diligence. On the opposing end, wrong proposes the idea of moral and ethical relativism. This also symbolizes a debate between nomos and physis. Justice is now no longer an inborn characteristic of humanity (physis), but rather a convention invented by the weaker party as a defense against the stronger (nomos) counterpart. Right and wrong are now merely matters of convention. Right: â€Å"Simply by presenting the case for justice† Wrong: â€Å"It’ll crumble as soon as I open my mouth. My position is that there isn’t any such thing as justice† Right: â€Å"No such thing?! † Wrong: â€Å"Well, if there is, where is it to be found? † (901) In the debate, even the Right argument, who is supposed to follow the ideals of tradition, makes use of rhetoric devices. The fundamentals of the traditional Greek society are disintegrated. Also, Pheidippides’ final decision to choose the Wrong argument also represents the younger Athenian generation’s inclination to modernity and discard of tradition. Although both Aristophanes and Thucydides suggest the idea of the breakdown of traditional values, Aristophanes takes it to a higher level in the â€Å"Clouds†. He acknowledges the faults with traditional values while simultaneously criticizing the use of sophistry. He depicts the Right argument and an embarrassment that utters vacuous statements such as â€Å"Be ashamed when you ought to be ashamed,† (1013). This shows that Aristophanes feels that satire and criticism are no less important than traditions, as they allow the society to morph and flourish. This is different from the â€Å"History of the Peloponnesian War† as Thucydides simply portrays the breakdown of traditional values in a negative light. Nonetheless, both texts end on a similar note. The two writers present to the viewers/readers the dire consequences as results of breaching traditional values. In the context of the â€Å"History of the Peloponnesian War†, the Melians are destroyed. Also, the very next line is history begins with the decline of the Athens and the justifications of the Melos. About the same time the Argives invaded Phliasia and were ambushed by the Phliasians and the exiles from Argos, losing about eighty men. † (Thuy 5. 115) Thucydides presumably wants to show the calamitous consequences of the actions of the Athenians, as a result of going against the traditions. The Athenians are also completely defeated with the Syracusan victory. On the other hand, in the â€Å"Clouds†, we are presented with the protagonists’ (S trepsiades) frustration that leads to destruction at the end of the play. Both texts do not move us beyond their final, unsettling acts. In the case of â€Å"Clouds†, such a paradoxical ending to a comedy can be interpreted as an ominous warning. Divergence away from the traditional values may seem ridiculously silly, especially when it is presented in the form of a comedy. However, the consequences are far from amusing. The very fact that there is no choral closure after the burning of the Thinkery suggests that this ending is ironically serious. Despite the genre differences of the texts, they are dissimilar presentations and interpretations of the same theme—the breakdown of traditional Greek values. Both texts show the dire consequences as a result of breaking off from the tradition, and hence suggest the writers’ sense of disapproval. However, as Woody Allen once alleged, â€Å"Tradition is the illusion of permanence† As a society progresses, old traditions are bound to be challenged. Unlike in the â€Å"History of Peloponnesian war†, Aristophanes recognizes the limits of traditional values in the â€Å"Clouds†. While both texts show the grim effects of the breakdown, Aristophanes brings it to a whole new level. Works Cited Aristophanes, and Alan Sommerstein. â€Å"The Clouds† Lysistrata And Other Plays. Penguin Classics, 2002. Print. * Thucydides, and Rex Warner. History of the Peloponnesian War. London, England:Penguin Group, 1972. Print. * Schironi, Francesca. â€Å"Thucydides’ Social Theory (Athenian Plague ; Corcyra); The Melian Dialogue. † Classical Civilization 101 Lecture. Ann Arbor, Michigan. November 8, 2011 * Schironi, Francesca. â€Å"Philosophy, Scientific Enquiry and the Greek Artistic Canon† Classical Civilization 101 Lecture. Ann Arbor, Michigan. November 29, 2011 How to cite The Clouds and the History of Peloponnesian War, Essay examples

The American Indian free essay sample

The American Indian: 1609 to 1865 BY KeelY1124 The Effects of the Removal on American Indian Tribes: Resistance and Removal The utmost good faith shall always be observed toward the Indians, their lands and property shall never be taken from them without their consent, and in their property, rights, liberty, they shall never be invaded or disturbed, unless in Just and lawful wars authorized by Congress. Northwest Ordinance, 13 July 1787 From the time, the first colonies were settled in America, relations between the Native American Indians and white settlers ranged from respectful friends to hated enemies. In the 1800s, Americans admired the Indians and valued their contributions to American history and culture. These people hoped that with time the Indians could be peaceably assimilated to American society. Even the Revolution, churches and religious organizations sent missionaries among the Indians to try to convert them to Christianity. In 1787, the Society for Propagating the Gospel among Indians was founded for that purpose. The federal government Joined the effort to civilize native Americans that had first been undertaken by the colonies and the churches. In 1793, Congress designated $20,000, a substantial sum for the time, to provide literacy, farming, and vocational assistance to the Native Americans. The Native American or American Indians once occupied the entire entire region of the United States. They were composed of many different groups, who spoke hundreds of languages and dialects. The Indians from the Southwest used to live in large built terraced communities and their way of sustain was from the agriculture where they planted squash, pumpkins, beans and corn crops. Trades between neighboring tribes were common, this brought in additional goods and some raw materials such as gems, ooper, seashells and soapstone. The United States recognized Indiana tribes as separate nations of people entitled to their own lands that could only be obtained from them through treaties. Due to inexorable pressures of expansion, settlement, and commerce, however, treaties and frequently reacted with violence when land promised to them forever was taken away. For the most part, however, they directed their energies toward maintaining their tribal identity while living in the new order. By 1830, most of the territories east of the Mississippi River had become states. The Democratic Party, led by President Andrew Jackson, was committed to economic progress in the states and to settlement and development of the western frontier. These goals put the government in conflict with the more than 125,000 Native Americans who still lived east of the Mississippi. By this time, many Indians had given up nomadic hunting and had adopted a more settled way of life. In particular, the Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles tried to live in harmony with their white neighbors who called them the Five Civilized Tribes. The real conflict etween the government and the Indians was the land held by the Indians through legal treaties. White pioneers, frustrated by the lack of opportunity in the settled areas, pushed hard for new lands to purchase and farm, while states containing Indian territories resented the existence of lands within their borders over which recognized the Cherokees right to a substantial portion of northeastern Georgia. The Cherokees were very successful at adapting to a new way of life, farming the land, raising cattle, growing cotton, and even owning slaves to work their plantations. Missionaries established schools and helped the Cherokees in their new lives. One Cherokee, Sequoyah, devised the Cherokee syllabic alphabet of 85 characters so that his people could write down and preserve their thoughts. With a written language, the Cherokee were able to publish their own newspaper, The Cherokee Phoenix. The Cherokees established their own governing body called the Cherokee National Council. In 1808, the Cherokee National Council developed a legal system, and in 1827 wrote a constitution enacting a system of tribal government to regulate affairs within the borders of their lands. Their government included an electoral system and a legislative, Judicial, and executive branch. One tenet of the constitution was that on their own lands the Cherokee were not subject to the laws of Georgia. Treaties with the U. S. government recognized the Cherokee Nation, but the State of Georgia objected to having an independent Indian nation within its boundaries. Believing that the laws of Georgia should be sovereign throughout their state, Georgians passed legislation claiming Jurisdiction over the Cherokee Nation in 1828. These political actions coincided with increasing economic pressures to open this area to hite settlement and development. The Cherokee land was coveted for agricultural production at a time when the population of the state was increasing and demand for farmland was high. In addition, gold was discovered in the region and many whites were eager to mine it. The first Indian-White encounter was very peaceful and trade was their principal interaction. Tension and disputes were sometimes resolved by force but more often by negotiation or treaties. On the other hand, the Natives were described as strong and very innocent creatures waiting for the first opportunity to be Christianized. The settlers called the Indians the Noble Savages because they were cooperative people but sometimes, after having a few conflicts with them, they seem to behaved like animals. The Cherokees established their own governing body called the Cherokee National Council. In 1808, the Cherokee National Council developed a legal system, and in 1827 wrote a constitution enacting a system of tribal government to regulate affairs within the borders of their lands. Their government included an electoral system and a legislative, Judicial, and executive branch. One tenet of the constitution was that on their own lands the Cherokee were ot subject to the laws of Georgia. Treaties with the U. S. government recognized the Cherokee Nation, but the State of Georgia objected to having an independent Indian nation within its boundaries. Believing that the laws of Georgia should be sovereign throughout their state, Georgians passed legislation claiming Jurisdiction over the Cherokee Nation in 1828. We should apprehend that the encounter with the settlers really amazed the natives, they were only used to interact with people from their own race and surroundings and all of this was like a new discovery for them as well as for the white immigrants. These political actions coincided with increasing economic pressures to open this area to white settlement and development. The Cherokee land was coveted for agricultural production at a time when the population of the state was increasing and demand for farmland was high. In addition, gold was discovered English and the Virginia Indians was somewhat strong in a few ways. They were having marriages among them. For example, when Pocahontas married John Rolfe, many said it has a political implication to unite more settlers with the Indians to have a better relation between both groups. As for the Indians, their attitude was always riendly and full of curiosity when they saw the strange and light-skinned creatures from beyond the ocean. The colonists only survived with the help of the Indians when they first settler in Jamestown and Plymouth. In this area, the Indians showed the colonists how to cultivate crops and gather seafood. The Indians changed their attitude from welcome to hostility when the strangers increased and encroached more and more on hunting and planting in the Natives grounds. For several years the Indians gave the Virginia colonists little trouble because they came to the area of settlement not often. An imaginary line was the result from an agreement that meant that whites were prohibited from setting to the West of the Fall Line. This attempt failed as the white population from Virginia grew. The Indian lands were taken up and in the 1670s; the Natives were furious and killed several hundred whites. By 1669, most of the Virginia Indians had been decimated and driven off from their lands. The colonists did not remember by the first time that the Indians provided food supplies that sustained some of the first settlements through their Starving Times. Even though, the Native Americans were doomed in their struggles gainst the white settlers. In the end, the superiority of the U. S. government, the large number of settlers, and the destruction of the natural environment upon which the Natives depended for their survival overwhelmed the American Indians. In the face of mounting opposition to federal protection for autonomous Indian nations in Georgia and other states†oppositio n that threatened to become violent†president Jackson decided to move the Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River. He felt this offered the best hope to preserve peace and protect the Indians from being scattered and destroyed. Opening new land to white settlement would also increase economic progress. Jackson insisted that the Indians receive a fair price for their lands and that the government pay all expenses of resettlement. In 1830 at the request of Jackson, a bill went before Congress authorizing moving the Indians across the Mississippi. Daniel Webster and Henry Clay opposed the Indian Removal Bill, but its most bitterly outspoken opponent was Daw Crockett. Having served in the army under Jackson, Crockett was a Jacksonian Democrat until he and the president parted ways over treatment of the Indians. In the next Tennessee congressional election, the Democrats threw their support to another candidate, and Crockett was defeated. Disgusted with partisanship, Crockett left the arena of national politics and went to Texas, delivering, as was the custom, a resounding rendition of his farewell speech at every stop along the way. Within a year, he perished defending the Alamo. Little recognition was given to the fact that the Indians of the east were not familiar with how to subsist in the harsh conditions of the Great Plains or that the remuneration they received for their lands would benefit them little there. In addition, many tribes harbored ancient hostilities for other tribes. The Indian Removal Act made little provision for separation of groups. Once in the territory, In the fall of 1838, the U. S. government, now under Van Buren, ordered the forcible removal of the Cherokees from Georgia to the Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. Of the 18,000 that began the 1,000-mile, 116-day trek, 4,000 perished on the way of illness, cold, starvation, and exhaustion. The U. S. Army oversaw the march and forced a continuous pace at rifle and bayonet point disregarding the terrible hardship of the travelers. For this reason, the Journey is known as the Trail of Tears. Some historians partially blame the Cherokee leaders for failing to prepare to leave during the time they were given. Regardless of who was responsible, however, the circumstances of suffering and death remain a tragic chapter in American history. In all, between 1831 and 1839 about 46,000 Indian people were relocated across the Mississippi River. Many Indian tribes, approximately 15,000 people, were forced to walk hundreds of miles, barefoot in the middle of the winter, without proper clothing, and not enough horses and food. They traveled to unrecognized territories in what are now Oklahoma, Arkansas and Kansas. Because of this, many of them suffered physical as well as psychological problems, in result of the struggles faced for years that took the government to carry out the Indian removal policy. Some Indians refused to leave their ancestral lands and fought to prevent their expulsion but were banned any ways. Nevertheless, many Indian groups, already surrounded by white settlements, accepted the government decree and moved west. The Choctaws of Mississippi made the trek from 1831 through 1833, and the Creeks of Alabama in 1836. Only nominally voluntary, these migrations often turned into forced marches during which many perished. The Choctaws lost one-fourth of their people before arriving in Oklahoma, while the Creeks lost 3,500 of the 15,000 who began the journey. They were furious by the disappointment that the U. S. government gave them the lands that contain poor soil, was isolated and suffered from extreme climates, these lands were called Reservations. This lead to several wars that steamed from the refusal of some Native Americans to accept their resettlement and the effort of the Sauk and the Fox to return to their homeland in the early 1832, the esult of this was the Black Hawk War in Illinois and Wisconsin, where most of the remaining Native Americans were killed as they tried to cross the Mississippi River into Iowa. Sometimes, we think that the American Indians were fond of the new settlements on their lands but as we can see, they got tired of always being used by the whites for their own benefits and that they were exploiting the Indians as much as possible. The Natives got tired of always being treated like animals, and soon became enemies of the new settlers. The Sac (Sauk), and Fox tribes of Illinois and Wisconsin were also affected by the Indian Removal Act. One Sac chief signed a treaty abandoning Indian lands east of the Mississippi, and he moved the tribes to Iowa. Chief Black Hawk, however, along with a faction from the tribes, revolted against forced removal from the land of their ancestors. In 1832, they returned to their Illinois lands and conducted a campaign of raids and ambushes. The United States Army responded and violently suppressed what the government considered an Indian insurrection. Black Hawk was captured and imprisoned in St. Louis in 1833. Among the regular army troops involved in this action was Lieutenant Jefferson Davis Thirty years later these two men would head the Confederate and Union governments during the Civil War. The newspaper article Seeking Land for Tribe of Girl Who Helped Lewis and Clark written by Timothy Egan and published on October 26 of 1999 by the New York Times, really caught my attention because after the Shoshone Sacagawea lead Lewis and Clark to one of the most encounters in the discovery of new trails over the continental division, the U. S. government took away the place that they have called home for hundreds of years. In 1851, the United States government began to introduce a Concentration Policy. This strategy would provide white settlers with the most productive lands and relocate Indians to areas north and south of white settlements. Over the next decade, Indians were evicted from their land to make way for a white society. However, the settlers were not satisfied with the Concentration Policy, and they sought to restrict Indians to even smaller areas through relocation. For example, the Sioux tribe, which had previously spread across the northern United States, was relocated to an area in Dakota Territory known as the Black Hills. Present-day Oklahoma became known as Indian Territory as additional tribes were relocated to reservations there. The federal government relocated hundreds of thousands of Indians under the guise of protecting them, when in truth the governments primary goal was attaining the Indians lands. Although some battles against Indians were brutal on both sides, other conflicts were nothing but displays of dominance by U. S. troops. One such battle was the Sand Creek Massacre, which occurred in Colorado in 1864. At that time, Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes inhabited the Sand Creek region after being forcibly relocated there due to the gold rush in 1861. Miners overtook their area and pushed the tribes into a desolate locale. The approximately 400 Indians living in this area believed they had been granted immunity and protective custody by the United States government when Colonel J. M. Chivingtons troops arrived. Chivington ordered his troops to slaughter the Indian men, women, and children to flaunt their dominance over the natives. Stan Davis, the Mayor of a Rocky Mountain Valley called Salmon in Idaho, stated that We all believe that Sacagawea is not the most famous Indian, but also the most famous woman in America. ln 1875, president Ulysses S. Grant gave a small reservation to the Shoshone tribe because he was impressed by the Lemhis unique role that they have in Western history and record of cooperation with the American settlers when in the summer of the same year, the Americans were running low on food, without fresh horses and had little idea about how to find the waters that drained to the Pacific. These people have been banned from their land and they are now consider orphans in an arid land because they dont have an specific place to point out where they originally come from. The Lemhi Shoshone, had asked resident Bill Clinton to please carve out a small piece of Federal land in a section of the Salmon River county on the Idaho-Montana border so it can become a place where the Shoshone tribe can tell its story to the hordes of Lewis and Clark history buffs, honor their dead and try to stitch some of their past history to the present. If I think that the United States should pay better respect to the generosity and friendship of not only Sacagawea, but also to her people. The government should give the Shoshone tribe a good portion of land to thank them for all they did to help Lewis and Clark in their Journey. On December 3 of 1999, I visited the National Museum of the American Indian. This Museum presents a new perspective of the Native American people and cultures through innovate exhibitions that emphasized the great importance of Native voices in the interpretation of Native history and their cultural achievements. Through the Museum, we can learn what Native Americans have to teach us about such things as the delicate balance between our people and nature, about their profound respect for family and their ethic of sharing and about their deep and spiritual magnificent art. This Museum changes forever the erspective of the way the American Indians lived in this Hemisphere, to correct the many misconceptions, to end the prejudice, to stop the injustice and to demonstrate how the Indian culture has enriched the world. One of the exhibits that I really liked was called Creations Journey: Master Works of The American Identity And Belief. This reflects the diversity, aesthetic quality, and cultural significance of the vast collections of the National Museum of the American Indian. These objects have the expressions of their everyday life and their spiritually is reflected in these works of ine art.